Bond Market to Fed: Recession Threat Means More Cuts

The headline in the financial futures market these days says Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke is withholding some vital information: The economy is so bad the central bank will have to lower interest rates at least three-quarters of a percentage point to avoid a recession.

Bernanke's two rate cuts since September failed to reassure the bond market, where volatility has risen four of the past five weeks, according to Merrill Lynch & Co.'s MOVE Index. Yields on Treasury bills, the haven for bond investors in times of turmoil, are near their lows of August, when losses on securities backed by subprime mortgages froze credit markets.

While the record low dollar and the fastest inflation in 14 months give policy makers reasons to keep the target rate for overnight loans between banks at 4.5 percent, traders expect 3.75 percent early in 2008. Interest-rate futures on the Chicago Board of Trade show the Fed will cut borrowing costs in December and again in the first quarter, as the worst housing slump since 1991 deepens and retailers including J.C. Penney Co. and Macy's Inc. forecast slumping sales.

Investors are sending the message to Bernanke that ``you're wrong and we're going to lead you to the next ease,'' said Thomas Tucci, head of U.S. government bond trading in New York at RBC Capital Markets. The firm is the investment-banking arm of Canada's biggest bank.

Fed fund futures show traders see a 90 percent chance the central bank will reduce its target a quarter-percentage point to 4.25 percent at its Dec. 11 meeting, 67 percent odds of another 25-basis-point cut in January, and a 43 percent likelihood the rate falls to 3.75 percent in March. Policy makers already lowered the target from 5.25 percent in August.
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